生物質(zhì)發(fā)電是利用生物質(zhì)能進(jìn)行的發(fā)電，是生物質(zhì)能利用途徑之一，此外還包括生物質(zhì)供熱、生物質(zhì)燃?xì)夂蜕镔|(zhì)液體燃料。生物質(zhì)發(fā)電的形式分為五種：直接燃燒發(fā)電、混合發(fā)電、氣化發(fā)電、沼氣發(fā)電和垃圾焚燒發(fā)電。

Biomass power generation is the use of biomass energy for power generation, which is one of the ways to utilize biomass energy. In addition, it also includes biomass heating, biomass gas, and biomass liquid fuel. There are five forms of biomass power generation: direct combustion power generation, hybrid power generation, gasification power generation, biogas power generation, and waste incineration power generation.

直接燃燒發(fā)電——將生物質(zhì)在鍋爐中直接燃燒，生產(chǎn)蒸汽帶動蒸汽輪機(jī)及發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)電。生物質(zhì)直接燃燒發(fā)電的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)包括生物質(zhì)原料預(yù)處理、鍋爐防腐、鍋爐的原料適用性及燃料效率、蒸汽輪機(jī)效率等技術(shù)。

Direct combustion power generation - burning biomass directly in a boiler to produce steam that drives a steam turbine and generator to generate electricity. The key technologies for biomass direct combustion power generation include biomass raw material pretreatment, boiler anti-corrosion, boiler raw material applicability and fuel efficiency, steam turbine efficiency, and other technologies.

混合發(fā)電——生物質(zhì)與煤混合作為燃料發(fā)電，稱為生物質(zhì)混合燃燒發(fā)電技術(shù)。混合燃燒方式主要有兩種。一種是生物質(zhì)直接與煤混合后投入燃燒，該方式對于燃料處理和燃燒設(shè)備要求較高，不是所有燃煤發(fā)電廠都能采用；一種是生物質(zhì)氣化產(chǎn)生的燃?xì)馀c煤混合燃燒，這種混合燃燒系統(tǒng)中燃燒，產(chǎn)生的蒸汽一同送入汽輪機(jī)發(fā)電機(jī)組。

Hybrid power generation - biomass and coal mixed as fuel for power generation, known as biomass mixed combustion power generation technology. There are mainly two types of mixed combustion methods. One method is to directly mix biomass with coal and put it into combustion. This method requires high requirements for fuel treatment and combustion equipment, and not all coal-fired power plants can adopt it; One type is the mixed combustion of gas and coal produced by biomass gasification. In this mixed combustion system, the steam produced is sent together to the steam turbine generator set.

氣化發(fā)電——生物質(zhì)在氣化爐中轉(zhuǎn)化為氣體燃料，經(jīng)凈化后直接進(jìn)入燃?xì)鈾C(jī)中燃燒發(fā)電或者直接進(jìn)入燃料電池發(fā)電。氣化發(fā)電的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一是燃?xì)鈨艋?，氣化出來的燃?xì)舛己幸欢ǖ碾s質(zhì)，包括灰分、焦炭和焦油等，需經(jīng)過凈化系統(tǒng)把雜質(zhì)除去，以保證發(fā)電設(shè)備的正常運(yùn)行。

Gasification power generation - biomass is converted into gas fuel in a gasifier, purified, and directly enters a gas turbine for combustion or fuel cell power generation. One of the key technologies for gasification power generation is gas purification. The gasified gas contains certain impurities, including ash, coke, and tar, which need to be removed by a purification system to ensure the normal operation of the power generation equipment.

沼氣發(fā)電——利用工農(nóng)業(yè)或城鎮(zhèn)生活中的大量有機(jī)廢棄物經(jīng)厭氧發(fā)酵處理產(chǎn)生的沼氣驅(qū)動發(fā)電機(jī)組發(fā)電。用于沼氣發(fā)電的設(shè)備主要為內(nèi)燃機(jī)，一般由柴油機(jī)組或者天然氣機(jī)組改造而成。

Biogas power generation - using a large amount of organic waste from industry, agriculture, or urban life to be anaerobic fermented and produce biogas to drive power generation units. The equipment used for biogas power generation is mainly internal combustion engines, which are generally modified from diesel or natural gas units.

垃圾發(fā)電——垃圾發(fā)電包括垃圾焚燒發(fā)電和垃圾氣化發(fā)電，垃圾焚燒發(fā)電是利用垃圾在焚燒鍋爐中燃燒放出的熱量將水加熱獲得過熱蒸汽，推動汽輪機(jī)帶動發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)電。垃圾焚燒技術(shù)主要有層狀燃燒技術(shù)、流化床燃燒技術(shù)、旋轉(zhuǎn)燃燒技術(shù)等。

Garbage power generation - Garbage power generation includes garbage incineration power generation and garbage gasification power generation. Garbage incineration power generation uses the heat released by the combustion of garbage in the incineration boiler to heat water and obtain superheated steam, which drives the turbine to drive the generator for power generation. The main technologies for garbage incineration include layered combustion, fluidized bed combustion, and rotary combustion.

生物質(zhì)發(fā)電是利用生物質(zhì)能進(jìn)行的發(fā)電，是生物質(zhì)能利用途徑之一，此外還包括生物質(zhì)供熱、生物質(zhì)燃?xì)夂蜕镔|(zhì)液體燃料。生物質(zhì)發(fā)電的形式分為五種：直接燃燒發(fā)電、混合發(fā)電、氣化發(fā)電、沼氣發(fā)電和垃圾焚燒發(fā)電。

Biomass power generation is the use of biomass energy for power generation, which is one of the ways to utilize biomass energy. In addition, it also includes biomass heating, biomass gas, and biomass liquid fuel. There are five forms of biomass power generation: direct combustion power generation, hybrid power generation, gasification power generation, biogas power generation, and waste incineration power generation.

直接燃燒發(fā)電——將生物質(zhì)在鍋爐中直接燃燒，生產(chǎn)蒸汽帶動蒸汽輪機(jī)及發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)電。生物質(zhì)直接燃燒發(fā)電的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)包括生物質(zhì)原料預(yù)處理、鍋爐防腐、鍋爐的原料適用性及燃料效率、蒸汽輪機(jī)效率等技術(shù)。

Direct combustion power generation - burning biomass directly in a boiler to produce steam that drives a steam turbine and generator to generate electricity. The key technologies for biomass direct combustion power generation include biomass raw material pretreatment, boiler anti-corrosion, boiler raw material applicability and fuel efficiency, steam turbine efficiency, and other technologies.

混合發(fā)電——生物質(zhì)與煤混合作為燃料發(fā)電，稱為生物質(zhì)混合燃燒發(fā)電技術(shù)。混合燃燒方式主要有兩種。一種是生物質(zhì)直接與煤混合后投入燃燒，該方式對于燃料處理和燃燒設(shè)備要求較高，不是所有燃煤發(fā)電廠都能采用；一種是生物質(zhì)氣化產(chǎn)生的燃?xì)馀c煤混合燃燒，這種混合燃燒系統(tǒng)中燃燒，產(chǎn)生的蒸汽一同送入汽輪機(jī)發(fā)電機(jī)組。

Hybrid power generation - biomass and coal mixed as fuel for power generation, known as biomass mixed combustion power generation technology. There are mainly two types of mixed combustion methods. One method is to directly mix biomass with coal and put it into combustion. This method requires high requirements for fuel treatment and combustion equipment, and not all coal-fired power plants can adopt it; One type is the mixed combustion of gas and coal produced by biomass gasification. In this mixed combustion system, the steam produced is sent together to the steam turbine generator set.

氣化發(fā)電——生物質(zhì)在氣化爐中轉(zhuǎn)化為氣體燃料，經(jīng)凈化后直接進(jìn)入燃?xì)鈾C(jī)中燃燒發(fā)電或者直接進(jìn)入燃料電池發(fā)電。氣化發(fā)電的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一是燃?xì)鈨艋?，氣化出來的燃?xì)舛己幸欢ǖ碾s質(zhì)，包括灰分、焦炭和焦油等，需經(jīng)過凈化系統(tǒng)把雜質(zhì)除去，以保證發(fā)電設(shè)備的正常運(yùn)行。

Gasification power generation - biomass is converted into gas fuel in a gasifier, purified, and directly enters a gas turbine for combustion or fuel cell power generation. One of the key technologies for gasification power generation is gas purification. The gasified gas contains certain impurities, including ash, coke, and tar, which need to be removed by a purification system to ensure the normal operation of the power generation equipment.

沼氣發(fā)電——利用工農(nóng)業(yè)或城鎮(zhèn)生活中的大量有機(jī)廢棄物經(jīng)厭氧發(fā)酵處理產(chǎn)生的沼氣驅(qū)動發(fā)電機(jī)組發(fā)電。用于沼氣發(fā)電的設(shè)備主要為內(nèi)燃機(jī)，一般由柴油機(jī)組或者天然氣機(jī)組改造而成。

Biogas power generation - using a large amount of organic waste from industry, agriculture, or urban life to be anaerobic fermented and produce biogas to drive power generation units. The equipment used for biogas power generation is mainly internal combustion engines, which are generally modified from diesel or natural gas units.

垃圾發(fā)電——垃圾發(fā)電包括垃圾焚燒發(fā)電和垃圾氣化發(fā)電，垃圾焚燒發(fā)電是利用垃圾在焚燒鍋爐中燃燒放出的熱量將水加熱獲得過熱蒸汽，推動汽輪機(jī)帶動發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)電。垃圾焚燒技術(shù)主要有層狀燃燒技術(shù)、流化床燃燒技術(shù)、旋轉(zhuǎn)燃燒技術(shù)等。

Garbage power generation - Garbage power generation includes garbage incineration power generation and garbage gasification power generation. Garbage incineration power generation uses the heat released by the combustion of garbage in the incineration boiler to heat water and obtain superheated steam, which drives the turbine to drive the generator for power generation. The main technologies for garbage incineration include layered combustion, fluidized bed combustion, and rotary combustion.

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